Canada’s economic future is dependent upon energy and natural resource development and therefore inextricably linked to the rights, interests and influence of Canada’s Aboriginal peoples. Despite considerable advancement in the domestic law of consultation and accommodation, there is growing unrest and dissatisfaction among Aboriginal communities with the current approach to development on their traditional lands. The impact of this unrest and dissatisfaction on resource developers is readily apparent and evidenced by the increased legal, regulatory, financial and reputational risks associated with permitting delays, operational disruptions, protests and negative media attention.